What is a technique used by computer software programs to change the dimensions of a photograph?

The technique used by computer software programs to change the dimensions of a photograph is cropping. Cropping involves selecting and removing portions of an image to adjust its size and composition. This is essential for focusing attention on specific areas within the photograph or for re-framing the image to fit different aspect ratios.

In contrast, filter application refers to modifying the visual effects or style of an image without resizing it, while adjustment layers typically help in modifying colors, brightness, and contrast rather than changing dimensions. Color grading is the process of adjusting the colors and tones of an image, which also does not affect its physical dimensions. Cropping specifically targets the image size and framing, making it the correct choice for this question.