What is the technique involving the decoration of a surface with small grains of metal, typically gold?

The technique involving the decoration of a surface with small grains of metal, typically gold, is known as granulation. This ancient method involves fusing small granules of gold to a metal surface, creating intricate and textured designs. Granulation allows for the creation of detailed and ornate patterns that catch the light beautifully, making it a favored technique in jewelry and decorative arts. The process requires precision and skill, as the granules must be carefully placed and heated to bond with the underlying surface without melting away.

Engraving, the second option, involves cutting or carving designs directly into the surface of a material using a tool, which differs significantly from the application of metal granules. Embossing is a method where a design is raised above the surface, often used on paper or softer materials, rather than applying small granules. Enameling involves fusing powdered glass to a surface, commonly metal, which creates a smooth finish with color but does not involve the use of small metal grains like in granulation. Each of these techniques has its unique applications and effects, but granulation specifically highlights the artistic use of small pieces of metal to enhance surface decoration.